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American
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PROFESSIONAL
FOOTBALL: ITS BEGINNINGS
Professional
football was first played soon after the demise of the Intercollegiate
Football Association, around eighteen ninety-five. In nineteen twenty,
the American Professional Football Association was formed; one year later
it was reorganized and in nineteen twenty-two was renamed the National
Football League.
Unlike
the APFA, which handed out franchises far and wide with little discretion,
the NFL, from nineteen forty-six to forty-nine, was limited to ten teams.
The APFA, on the other hand, consisted of twenty three teams in the year
between its inception and the change-over in becoming the NFL.
A
merger in nineteen seventy, fifty years after the inception of the first
pro football association, combined sixteen NFL teams with ten AFL teams
to comprise one league with two conferences. In the nineteen eighties,
further expansion was proposed and by the ninety three-ninety four NFL
season, approval was given for a thirty-team league. The next step towards
growth of the league would be to realign the NFL into eight different
divisions, each with four teams.
Pro
football, like its college counterpart, was not without its failures.
Among the number of competitive leagues that have folded in failure are
the All-American Football conference, nineteen forty-six to forty-nine,
the American Football League, nineteen sixty to sixty-nine, and the World
Football League, nineteen seventy-four to seventy-five.
Arena
Football, an indoor league played in the spring with eight man teams,
debuted in nineteen eighty-seven. It is still played, but does not enjoy
the popularity or success that is found in the National Football League.
PROFESSIONAL
FOOTBALL TODAY: A BUSINESS
From
its humble beginnings in eighteen sixty-nine, when the first intercollegiate
game was played between Rutgers and Princeton, football has become a multi-billion
dollar business in its professional form.
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Once
watched by no more than a handful of loyal sideline enthusiasts, football
is now available for worldwide viewing. With the advent of cable television,
dozens of high school and college games can be watched over Friday and
Saturday afternoons. Pro games are televised on Sunday and Monday nights,
with at least half a dozen games televised each weekend during the season.
At the end of each NFL season, champs from both the National and American
conferences meet in the Super Bowl to determine a national champion. This
game, always played in January, has been called the most watched sporting
event of all time, with a viewing audience from around the entire globe,
watching and listening to the televise in dozens of languages.
Although
television commercials foot a very large part of the bill, the competition
between networks for the coverage rights highly inflates the value of
NFL franchises. In nineteen twenty, a franchise cost one hundred dollars.
By nineteen sixty, each was worth approximately two million dollars. In
nineteen ninety three, when the league decided to expand, selling teams
to Charlotte, North Carolina and Jacksonville, Florida, the cost rose
to one hundred forty millions dollars per franchise.
In
the same year, the NFL signed a five-network, four year television contract,
totaling almost four and a half billion dollars.
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